Factors affecting Coke rate in a Blast Furnace. satyendra; June 29, 2014; ... Coke rate is the parameter for the consumption of BF coke which is measured in kilograms of BF coke consumed per ton of hot metal produced. Blast furnace (BF) coke is a key material for BF ironmaking, acting as a major energy source (fuel), a reductant, a ...
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The traditional blast furnace (BF) smelting process, reliant on carbon as a fuel and reducing agent, ... With a hydrogen injection rate of 250 m³/THM at 25 °C, the coke consumption decreased by 54.6 kg/THM, leading to …
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The global warming promotes the steel industry to replace part of coke by injecting hydrogen-rich fuel into the blast furnace to reduce CO2 emissions and energy consumption.
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In this study, a pseudo-2D slot model (E et al., 2023) was established with a scale of 1:10, representing a blast furnace with a volume of 3200 m 3. Fig. 1 (a) illustrates the initial packing structure of coke, consisting of 33,000 particles with a particle size of 2 mm. The computational domain thickness is set at 13 mm, and the mesh size is 4 mm × …
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Reducing coke use is an effective measure to reduce carbon emission and energy consumption in the blast furnace (BF) ironmaking. Essentially, BF is a high-temperature moving bed reactor, where ...
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The central coke ratios of the blast furnace A (BFA) and blast furnace B (BFB) is 15% and 20%, respectively. The root positions of the cohesive zone in the BFA …
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A means of assessing the influence of the blast-furnace parameters on coke consumption and productivity has been developed, in the course of updating the standard document regarding blast-furnace coke consumption for use in Russia, Ukraine, and Kazakhstan. The new edition has been significantly refined on the basis of analytical …
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The combination of SEC, Raman spectrometry, and XRD was shown to provide considerable insight into coke structures present in a blast furnace and to give information on conditions experienced by ...
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DOI: 10.1016/j.partic.2023.11.009 Corpus ID: 265357120; CFD-DEM study on the synergistic effect of coke consumption and particle dynamics in the blast furnace raceway @article{Xu2023CFDDEMSO, title={CFD-DEM study on the synergistic effect of coke consumption and particle dynamics in the blast furnace raceway}, author={Peng …
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Meanwhile, the Wiberg process, even when it has a coke specific consumption very lower than that of the blast furnace for the pig iron (111 kg t −1 Fe), the electric power consumption grows up to 940 kWh t −1 Fe because it is necessary to regenerate the mix of reductant gas (CO + H 2) using coke and fuel oil. If the reductant …
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In the upper region of the blast furnace where temperature range from 600 to 700 C. the iron ore or iron oxide is reacts with the gaseous CO reductant to produce iron: Fe 2 O 3 (s) + 3CO(g) → 2Fe + 3CO 2 (g) Lower in the blast furnace where higher temperatures occur, the iron ore may react directly with the coke or carbon:
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The smelting process of blast furnace is carried out in the shaft furnace of a closed countercurrent reactor and heat exchanger. The complex physical changes and chemical reactions are completed in the process of the countercurrent movement of the charge and gas in which the raw materials containing iron oxide (sinter, pellets, etc.), …
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Similarly, coke consumption is feasible by using blast furnaces by 26% of coke saving/ton. For this, blast furnace having a top gas recycling service will be preferred. While on the other hand, if this furnace is …
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Improving the blast-furnace smelting technology in a number of blast furnaces (BF) made it possible to reduce the coke consumption to 250 kg/ton of iron and less. This was achieved by increasing the consumption of pulverized coal (PCF) to 200–250 kg/ton of iron, using high-quality iron-ore raw material and coke, high …
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Abstract. On the basis of six-year operational data for a 5000-m³ blast furnace, the dependence of the coke consumption on its strength M25 and M10 and …
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Managing the temperature within the system is easier than a blast furnace, making it more efficient. Another benefit of using the EAF process is that all types of steel can be created. Blast furnace. Uses iron ore as the source of material and coke as the main fuel and sources of energy.
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The blast furnace technology is still the main ironmaking route with a current global share of 70%. Reduction of fossil carbon consumption and CO 2 emissions in blast furnace operations are essential for the decarbonization of steelmaking. …
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The process energy consumption of blast furnace ironmaking accounts for 45–60% of the total energy consumption of the iron- and steelmaking process, which is the key point of energy conservation in the iron and steel industry (Fig. 1).The energy input into the blast furnace ironmaking mainly contains coke, fuel injection, electricity, blast, …
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BF coke, BF productivity, blast furnace, Burden distribution, CRI, CSR, Hot metal, RAFT, sinter, Blast Furnace Productivity and the Influencing Parameters Blast furnace (BF) ironmaking is the most viable means of producing hot metal (HM) mainly because of its well established and proven performance, flexible raw material usage, …
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In this study, the gas-solid flow process in the blast furnace raceway is numerically simulated using coupled computational fluid dynamics and the discrete element method (CFD-DEM). The coke reaction kinetics data are imported into the DEM model to reproduce the consumption process of each coke particle.The effects of inlet gas …
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Reducing coke use is an effective measure to reduce carbon emission and energy consumption in the blast furnace (BF) ironmaking. Essentially, BF is a high-temperature moving bed reactor, where complex physical transformations coupled with complicated reactions occur. This makes it challenging to investigate the factors …
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the blast furnace that in fact reaches the tuyeres and burns there in the blast oxygen with the release of heat. As a result, the coke consumption declines. This is evi dent in the …
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The original mathematical model of coke degradation in a blast furnace makes it possible to calculate the minimum consumption of coke from the dynamic balance for different values of the ratio of direct and indirect …
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Under the modern blast furnace process conditions, replace the coke or pulverized coal by hydrogen; improve the efficiency of hydrogen reduction in the blast furnace; realize carbon-hydrogen coupling reduction in different process section and temperature range; give full play to the advantages of carbon direct reduction, CO …
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Blast Furnaces. The blast furnace (BF) is the most widely used ironmaking . process in the U.S. A major advance in BF ironmaking has been the use of pulverized coal which partially replaces metallurgi-cal coke. This results in substantial improvement in furnace efficiency and thus the reductions of energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions.
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The degree of direct reduction and the coke consumption in the blast furnace, which are not independent variables, are determined by the carbon-demand …
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Natural gas Furnaces, power generators BF injection, DRI production Oil Steam production BF injection Table 1: Applications of energy inputs in steel production Co-product gases • Co-product gases from the coke oven, blast furnace (BF) and basic oxygen furnace (BOF) are used, saving on additional fossil fuel and energy resources. They typically
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Pursuing green, low-carbon ironmaking technology primarily aims to reduce fuel ratios, especially coke ratios. Simultaneously, the reduction in coke ratios causes the coke layer in the blast furnace (BF) to become thinner, deteriorating the gas and liquid permeability of the burden column. This exacerbates coke degradation, significantly …
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It is expected that the oxygen blast furnace process will save 25% of energy, reduce coke consumption by 50%, and reduce CO 2 and NOx emissions by 25%. Fig. 13 . Schematic diagram of oxygen blast furnace.
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Existing technologies that produce liquid pig iron outside the blast furnace are considerably inferior to blast-furnace smelting with respect to productivity and integral total fuel consumption, which includes the fuel costs incurred to produce coke, agglomerated ore-bearing materials, hot blast air, and oxygen.
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The blast furnace iron-making process is responsible for approximately 70% of energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions during smelting. ... In this work, …
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1. Introduction. Hot metal (HM) production is the most expensive step in the steel production cycle. Although the efficiency of blast furnace (BF) mostly depends on the charge materials quality [1,2], mathematical modeling of partial phenomena or the whole process can help to understand and highlight current shortcomings in BF technology …
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It has been determined that injection of preheated pulverized coal fuel into blast furnace well together with constant temperature of the tuyere area allows to increase the furnace output by at least 0.3% per each 100°C increase in the temperature of pulverized coal fuel, to decrease coke consumption by about 3%, and to increase …
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Use a simplified blast furnace materials balance and heat balance models, calculate the consumption of coke (9% ash) in a blast furnace (kg/tonne hot metal) processing magnetite. The hot metal is at 1800 K and contains 4.7 wt% of carbon. Supposing the top gas contains the same concentration (vol%) of CO and CO2.
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Revolutionizing Blast Furnace Technology: Navigating Challenges and Paving the Path to a Sustainable Future in the Iron and Steel Industry. ... ultimately leading to improved thermal efficiency and reduced energy consumption. Also Read: From Ore to Alloy: ... To reduce dependence on coke and enhance sustainability, Pulverized Coal Injection ...
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Modeling also predicted a 60-kg/thm reduction in coke consumption for 25 kg/thm of injected H2, indicating potential for carbon emissions reduction. ... As the primary fuel for the blast furnace, coke represents the most significant fraction of both CO 2 generation from the process and operating cost. Since the inception of the process ...
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coke porosity on the efficiency and stability of BF, the coke porosity of 0.42 was regarded as a reasonable value. Keywords Blast furnace Mathematical model Multi-physical field Simulation Coke porosity List of symbols A sl,d Effective contact area between solid and liquid in unit volume of bed, m2 m-3 b H 2
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The distribution of the ore/coke ratio along the radius of a furnace is currently estimated by a change in two criteria, i.e., the proportion of CO used and the temperature of the blast furnace gas.
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